Motivational interviewing (MI) is a set of structured counseling skills that are an effective means of motivating patients to make health-related behavior change (Miller, 2018; Miller & Rollnick, 2013). MI has been effective in improving addictive behavior, depression symptoms, and making dietary and physical activity improvements (Rahm et al., 2014, Keeley, 2018, Morton, 2015).
Motivational Interviewing has been used successfully in primary care for the brief intervention phase of addiction treatment (D’amico, 2018, VanBuskirk & Wetherell, 2014) and provides an effective means for motivating patients to use other substance use therapies (Frost, 2018; Luty, 2018).
Despite the demonstrated effectiveness of these interventions, primary care providers on average do not routinely provide interventions that go beyond basic screening (Schlesinger et al., 2017). Primary care professionals vary a great deal with respect to their self-efficacy in counseling skill (Midboe, et al., 2011; Saitz, 2013). However, MI is a trainable skill (Miller, 2019).
Training physicians in motivational interviewing skills will prepare them to initiate effective substance use interventions for patients. Instruction on the steps involved in motivational interviewing will improve their foundation for building self-efficacy and interactive case scenarios will help providers develop competence in motivational interviewing skills learned.
Practice Gap References
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D’Amico EJ, Parast L, Shadel WG, Meredith LS, Seelam R, Stein BD. Brief Motivational Interviewing Intervention to Reduce Alcohol and Marijuana Use for At-Risk Adolescents in Primary Care. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology. 2018;86(9):775-786. 10.1037/ccp0000332
- Frost, H., Campbell, P., Maxwell, M., O’Carroll, R. E., Dombrowski, S. U., Williams, B., Cheyne, H., Coles, E., & Pollock, A. (2018). Effectiveness of Motivational Interviewing on adult behaviour change in health and social care settings: A systematic review of reviews. PLOS ONE, 13(10), e0204890. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0204890
- Keeley R, Engel M, Reed A, Brody D, Burke BL. Toward an Emerging Role for Motivational Interviewing in Primary Care. Curr Psychiatry Rep. 18 2018;20(6):41. doi:10.1007/s11920-018-0901-3. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29777318.
- Luty, J., & Iwanowicz, M. (2018). Motivational interviewing: Living up to its promise? BJPsych Advances, 24, 46–53. https://doi.org/10.1192/bja.2017.7
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Magill M, Apodaca TR, Borsari B, et al. A Meta-Analysis of Motivational Interviewing Process: Technical, Relational, and Conditional Process Models of Change. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2018;86(2):140-157. doi:10.1037/ccp0000250. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29265832
- Midboe AM, Cucciare MA, Trafton JA, et al.. Implementing motivational interviewing in primary care: the role of provider characteristics. J Behav Med. 2014; 37(4): 768-80. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3717678/ Accessed on: 2018-02-22.
- Miller WR, Rollnick S. Motivational Interviewing: Helping People Change. The Guilford Press. 2013. Available at: http://www.amazon.com/Motivational-Interviewing-Third-Edition-Applications/dp/1609182278 Accessed on: 2014-10-10.
- Miller WR. 2018 MINT Plenary – Bill Miller – NOLA. MINT MINT Excellence in Motivational Interviewing; https://vimeo.com/316279712February 9, 2019.
- Morton K, Beauchamp M, Prothero A, et al. The Effectiveness of Motivational Interviewing for Health Behaviour Change in Primary Care Settings: A Systematic Review. Health Psychol Rev. 2015;9(2):205-223. doi:10.1080/17437199.2014.882006. PMID: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26209209
- Rahm AK, Boggs JM , Martin C, et al.. Facilitators and barriers to implementing SBIRT in primary care in integrated health care settings . Subst Abus. 2015. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25127073 Accessed on: 2015-05-27.
- Saitz R. Addressing Unhealthy Alcohol Use in Primary Care. Springer. 2013. Available at: https://www.amazon.com/Addressing-Unhealthy-Alcohol-Primary-Care/dp/146144778X Accessed on: 2017-07-26.
- VanBuskirk KA, Wetherell JL. Motivational interviewing with primary care populations: a systematic review and meta-analysis.. J Behav Med. 2014; 37(4): 768-80. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4118674/ Accessed on: 2018-02-22.